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Education

The pre-certification level of the CGA program includes the core undergraduate-level Foundation and Advanced requirements that all students must satisfy prior to proceeding to PACE, the certification level.

Foundation Studies (CGA Levels 1 to 3)

Course work at the Foundation studies level is typically taken in the first few years of a bachelor’s degree program majoring in accounting. Transfer Credit exemptions will be considered for similar courses completed with satisfactory standing through recognized post-secondary institutions and/or professional bodies.

Level 1

FA1: Financial Accounting Fundamentals

This introductory course in financial accounting gives students an overview of the accounting cycle and the preparation of financial statements. Topics include accounting for merchandising activities, accounting for cash, temporary investments and accounts receivable, inventories and cost of goods sold, capital assets, current and long-term liabilities, partnership accounting and accounting for corporations, as well as the cash flow statement — information that is essential for further study in financial accounting.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

EM1: Micro & Macro Economics

EM1 is a principles course that introduces issues, concepts, and theories of microeconomics and macroeconomics. It provides valuable practice in applying economic reasoning to decision and forecasting problems in business, industry, and government. Students gain understanding of how the Canadian economy functions and interacts with the global economy. Topics include supply, demand, and price; elasticity and price regulation; production costs and decisions; market structures and pricing; national economic indicators, issues, performance, and policy; money, banking, and interest; unemployment and inflation; and the global environment of trade and finance.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Most provinces require at least a two semester course in the principles of economics. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus.

LW1: Business Law

The purpose of this course is to furnish students with the necessary tools to avoid potential legal problems, to recognize those situations calling for legal expertise, and to communicate more effectively with legal counsel. To that end, students are introduced to the Canadian legal system; tort law and professional liability; the principles of contract law; the law governing specific kinds of commercial contracts, including sales, insurance, and employment; debtor and creditor relations; and forms of business organization — agency, sole proprietorship, partnership, and incorporation.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material may be considered for an exemption. Courses taught in Commonwealth countries and other Common Law jurisdictions are more likely to be recognized. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus.

Level 2

FA2: Financial Accounting: Assets

This intermediate financial accounting course focuses on the asset side of the balance sheet. In the first part of the course, students cover financial reporting and accounting concepts, income statement and balance sheet presentation, the statement of cash flows, and revenue and expense recognition. The valuation of notes receivable, investment in debt securities, and leases are also studied. In the second half, students cover current monetary balances, inventory and cost of goods sold, temporary and long-term investments, and capital assets. Computer software is used to demonstrate accounting concepts and procedures and to give students valuable hands-on experience.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

QU1: Business Quantitative Analysis

In this course, students will acquire an understanding of data analysis that is essential in making sound business decisions. Topics covered in QU1 include data and data presentation; probability; decision analysis; sampling distributions; applications of sampling and risk analysis; statistical estimation; hypothesis testing; regression and correlation; multiple regression; index numbers; time series; statistical decision theory; and an introduction to linear programming. Computer software is used to illustrate statistical concepts.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

MA1: Management Accounting Fundamentals

This course introduces students to key concepts and practices of management accounting. The main topics covered are cost accounting fundamentals, job and process costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, budgeting and control, inventory costing, and information for management control and decision analysis. Computer spreadsheets are used to illustrate concepts and provide students with valuable hands-on experience.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

CM1: Business Communication

This course is intended to develop the writing skills professionals require to succeed in business communications and academic studies. CM1 introduces a three-stage writing process (planning, drafting, and revising), leads students through the often complex process of creating and revising documents, and encourages critical thinking about written and spoken communication. Basic grammar, spelling, and usage are reviewed. Writing assignments include typical business communications: memos, letters, and a formal report.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus specifying the language of instruction and assessment (generally must be English).

Level 3

FA3 : Financial Accounting: Liabilities & Equities

This intermediate financial accounting course emphasizes the critical concepts of liabilities and equities. Topics include legal and financial aspects of partnerships and corporations; current and long-term liabilities; shareholders’ equity; complex debt and equity instruments; leases; accounting for income taxes; pension and other post employment benefits; accounting changes; cash flow statement; and the analysis of financial statements. Computer software is used to illustrate concepts and give students valuable hands-on experience.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

FN1 : Corporate Finance Fundamentals

FN1 is a comprehensive course in business finance that studies the major decisions made by the financial executive. Students are introduced to a wide range of topics, including the analysis of the financial environment and its components; the determinants of interest rates; security evaluation; capital budgeting and cash flow estimation; determining the cost of capital; capital structure; dividend policy; leasing; working capital management; derivatives; and financial planning. Computer spreadsheets are used to demonstrate concepts and provide practice in basic financial analysis.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

MS1 : Managing Information Systems

MS1 is an introductory course that covers the use of computer-based information systems in management and accounting. After completing this course, students will have the knowledge required to make informed decisions about the applications of information technology. Topics surveyed include hardware and software of computer systems; file and database organization; networks and telecommunications; the systems development process; designing information systems solutions; systems security and controls; artificial intelligence; and the management of information systems.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body

BC1 : Accounting Business Case

This business case provides an opportunity to apply and integrate knowledge from various subject areas of accounting. In this simulation exercise, students are asked to solve specific business problems encountered by a sample company and produce high-level management reports. Students must apply knowledge of concepts covered in financial accounting, management information systems, management accounting, finance, and communications to: • account for financial transactions; • prepare financial statements and report on the company’s current financial situation; • evaluate alternative new product lines and their financial impact; • advise on the management information system; • provide a final report with recommendations to the company’s owners. Information on the operations and accounts of the fictitious company Handy Hardware Ltd., a list of accounting issues to be resolved, and the requirements of the student assignment submissions are included in the Accounting Business Case document.

Syllabus

Courses and/or experience covering very similar material may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus and job description(s). Some CGA Associations may require internationally educated accountants to take this simulation course regardless

Advanced Studies (CGA Level 4)

Course work at the Advanced studies level is often included in the senior year(s) of a bachelor’s degree program majoring in accounting. Transfer Credit exemptions may be considered for equivalent courses completed with satisfactory standing through recognized post-secondary institutions and/or selected professional bodies.

Level 4

FA4: Financial Accounting: Consolidations & Advanced Issues

This financial accounting course offers students an in-depth look at six principal areas of advanced financial accounting: standard setting in Canada and internationally, financial instruments and income tax allocation, long-term intercorporate investments, consolidation, foreign currency translation and the translation and consolidation of foreign subsidiaries, and not-for-profit and public sector accounting. Computer spreadsheets are used to demonstrate concepts and give students practice in advanced financial accounting.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

MA2: Advanced Management Accounting

This course equips students with a conceptual understanding of the design and use of management accounting information and the role of the management accountant. Students learn to perform analyses to support managerial decisions, design and implement effective management control systems, and develop an awareness of the moral responsibilities of management accountants. Topics include: strategic decision making, customer profitability analysis, capital budgeting, time drivers, supply-chain analysis, agency theory, responsibility accounting and transfer pricing, performance measures, and emerging issues. The importance of understanding ethical issues in management accounting is stressed. The final module integrates student learning with a set of cases on managerial decision making, agency costs, and strategic planning. Computer spreadsheets are used to illustrate concepts and provide practical, hands-on experience.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body.

AT1: Accounting Theory & Contemporary Issues

This advanced course looks at current issues and problems in the field of financial accounting. Topics covered include the contributions of economics, finance, and other disciplines to accounting theory; the practical and theoretical problems of the present value model; foreign exchange accounting; hedging; the process and issues of standard setting; agency theory; and other topics related to specific industries or sectors of the economy.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus obtained from the academic institution or professional body

AU1: External Auditing

This introductory course offers students thorough coverage of the auditing concepts and procedures of external auditing. After completing AU1, students will be familiar with key topics including reporting; professional standards and ethics; legal liability; audit objectives, evidence, and documentation; planning and analysis; materiality and risk; internal control; audit sampling; and computer auditing. The functions and procedures related to the revenue and collection cycle, acquisition and expenditure cycle, inventory and capital asset balances, production and payroll cycle, and finance and investment cycle are studied. Completion of the audit, including evaluation and communication of findings, is also studied.

Syllabus

A course or combination of courses covering very similar material with an equivalent level of rigour may be considered for an exemption. Most provinces require completion within the past 5 or 10 years. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed syllabus.

TX1: Personal & Corporate Taxation

TX1 covers the fundamental principles and concepts of Canadian federal income tax legislation. The course emphasizes understanding of the conceptual structure of the Income Tax Act and equips students with skill in the application of its rules to practical cases. Topics include the concepts of income and liability for tax; income from employment, business, and property; shareholder benefits; deductions; capital gains and losses; computation of taxable income for individuals and corporations; tax planning; and international taxation. The course also integrates the use of tax preparation software.

Syllabus

Only approved Canadian taxation courses can be considered for transfer credit. Alternate arrangements may be available to those eligible for CGA membership under a Mutual Recognition Agreement.

BC2: Public Practice Audit Case

Public Practice Audit Case provides students with hands-on experience in preparing audit working papers and performing audit programs in public practice. Audit working papers are required to support the audit opinion reached by the auditor. In this real-life simulation exercise, students take on the role of an auditor, and complete a year-end audit file for review by a partner. The case requires students to develop expertise by working through the following four phases of an audit: -Planning and design; -Testing internal control; -Directly testing the financial balances; -Completing the audit and issuing the auditor’s report. BC2 also requires students to work within CaseWare to complete an online submission of five assignments.

Syllabus

Exemptions may be considered with documented evidence of at least two years of comparable external audit experience within the last 10 years. Any request for exemption should be supported by a detailed job description.